Polkadot (DOT) is an innovative blockchain project that aims to create a secure interconnection infrastructure between different blockchains, while providing scalability and new functionalities to them.
One of the recently created cryptocurrency projects that has caught everyone's attention is Polkadot (DOT). ¿The reason? This new blockchain technology scheme seeks to dethrone Ethereum with a vastly more scalable and efficient network. At the same time, it offers the possibility of interconnecting several blockchains and becoming an unparalleled cross-chain development hub.
Undoubtedly, this makes Polkadot a plan with a very high goal and that leaves us with the following question: ¿Will it succeed? Well, in this article you will have the chance to learn all about this plan and answer for yourself, these and other questions about this spectacular plan.
Polkadot, origin of this plan.
The principles of this plan lead us to meet one of the leading figures in the crypto world, Gavin Wood. Wood is a well-known blockchain technology creator who was part of the Ethereum development team. By the way, Wood held the position of primary inventor of Ethereum, being at the same grade as Vitalik Buterin. A situation that denotes his understanding and work on this plan. It is thanks to Wood's work that Ethereum has the powerful Solidity programming language, which was developed by him. However, on January 11, 2016, Wood made the decision that it was time to leave and start his own plan, abandoning the Ethereum plan.
At the time, Wood's initiative was to initiate a blockchain plan capable of overcoming Ethereum's weaknesses. In particular, its scalability and enabling novel cross-chain management constructs. Thus, by June 2016, Wood had already started working on this new plan, and in October 2016, he presented the first version of the Polkadot whitepaper to the world. This marked the beginning of this interesting plan, in which inventor Marek Kotewicz was also participating.
From that moment on, the development of Polkadot would begin its path, until a larger proportion of attention would be focused on it. Something that, by the way, can be seen right now. Polkadot is one of the blockchain projects with the greatest growth in 2020 and the beginning of 2021.
Initial funding of the plan.
Gavin Wood started this plan with the financial support of his organization Parity and the Web3 Foundation, which he also helped to generate. Although, Parity and Web3 Foundation are referents within the entire Ethereum world, their collaboration in funding Polkadot is fundamental.
However, the resources of the two organizations were limited as they were focused on Ethereum. This led to the execution of an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that was done from October 15 until October 27, 2017. The triumph of the ICO has been extraordinary, being able to raise $143 million for the development of this plan.
Shortly thereafter, however, this triumph would be put in serious jeopardy. A hack would cause Parity to lose well over $90 million on the Ethereum network. With its revenue severely diminished, the work path was rethought and Gavin Wood left in clear that Polkadot's work would continue. This was because there was enough money for the plan to succeed and the terms of the ICO would be respected.
Additionally, Parity and Web3 Foundation sought to solicit support for a hard fork to recover the rest of the ETH blocked by the hack. The size received harsh criticism and the society opposed the execution of an action like the one granted after The DAO hack in 2016. This as they feared that this case will lead to a whole new incision in the society. ¿Result? The funds are still locked in the notorious Parity Bug, and there seems to be no way to get commented money out of that site.
Polkadot, an extremely distinct blockchain network initiative.
Now, Polkadot began its journey in Gavin Wood's mind as a network capable of giving the same abilities of Ethereum, simultaneously overcoming its weaknesses, and offering a sequence of unique properties. To be able to do this, Polkadot devised from its foundations a whole new set of technology and agreement protocols intended for that purpose.
In the first instance, Polkadot was created with the performance of heterogeneous networks in mind, which could be interconnected. Thus, Polkadot could perform with 2 well-defined functionalities:
As a data transmission and processing chain. A function that enables it to receive information from other chains, process that information and send it back to the chain of origin. This first choice makes it possible for Polkadot to become a scalability layer for any other blockchain that requires it.
Free performance by building your own chains. That is, producing chains with their own abilities, such as the compatibility situation to carry out smart contracts or tokens. This enables the native management of decentralized applications (DApps) and tokens over the network that have the possibility to take full advantage of the network's potential.
The initiative with all of the above is that Polkadot manages to become a scalability choice for networks such as Ethereum or other cryptocurrencies. In addition, it could also serve to interconnect various ecosystems in different blockchain all on the same network. This last case, as an example, can be seen with the DeFi, Equilibrium plan that lives in EOS.
Relay Chain and Parachains, Polkadot's chain separation.
Additionally, this management enables Polkadot to provide better stability, scalability through sharding and parallel execution in the network, which increases the overall performance of the network. At this point, it is essential to highlight the application of sharding in Polkadot. Recall that this computing technique divides the primary chain and the network into some sub-chains and sub-networks attached to it. Thus, each subchain has its own blockchain history, nodes, and all the elementary infrastructure for its management.
In Polkadot in other words just what happens. The subchains in Polkadot are called parachain, which have the possibility of being seen as a sidechain or secondary chain, where a blockchain instance of its own is made. In other words, a parachain has its own blockchain or history, which holds its own reality of tokens, smart contracts, and nodes. In this way, this parachain has its own capacity and computational power to meet its own needs.
The Relay Chain, however, is the primary chain of Polkadot, and it exists under the alliance of the history of each of the parachains running in parallel in the Polkadot network. This organization makes it feasible for Polkadot to achieve parallel smart contracts, and additionally, it enables greater scalability than recent blockchains.
Additionally, this segmented functionality also enables the life of Bridges, with which the parachains have the possibility of opening communication with other blockchains (such as Ethereum, EOS or Bitcoin) and serve as a link with them. As parachains have the possibility of communicating with each other, this also makes it possible for several Bridges pointing to other blockchains to communicate, serving as cross-chain channels to make operations between them. In short, with Polkadot and its Bridges, it is feasible to interconnect Bitcoin and Ethereum (or other blockchains) at great speed, with greatly reduced prices without abandoning stability at any time.
Smart contracts and tokens in Polkadot.
Polkadot does not natively support smart contracts. This leaves aside the construction of tokens or DApps natively in the network. However, Polkadot parachains are extensible and modular, having the function of being able to generate abstraction layers that allow the execution of these smart contracts. When executed in a parachain, the effect of these contracts is reduced in terms of resource consumption to that parachain, leaving the rest of the system in common operation. This prevents, for example, that a high number of transactions in a parachain, degrades the performance of the rest of the system.
Another great virtue of this system is that its handling, design, programming and deployment is much simpler. This has made Polkadot a much more secure network. Additionally, smart contract-capable parachains have the ability to activate alternative high-speed protocols that enable the execution of smart contracts with minimal effect on the overall Polkadot ecosystem.
A case in point for this class of functions is EdgeWare, which has an expansion layer for Polkadot that enables the execution of Polkadot, including support for Ethereum smart contracts and its EVM. Additionally, there is also Ink, a development designed to build smart contracts that exploits the abilities of Substrate, an important section of Polkadot, and uses the secure programming language, Rust.
Another highly relevant plan in this regard is Moonbeam, which enables a Polkadot parachain with these abilities, which implements a solution fully compatible with Ethereum's EVM, and with Web3 RPC API, giving each of the elementary instruments to programmers to take advantage of the potential of Ethereum smart contracts on Polkadot.
Obviously, these are not the only resolutions for smart contracts in Polkadot's parachains, however they are a clear sample of the likelihood of making this technology easy to implement and much more so on the web.
Organization of the network in Polkadot.
Now to be able to do this kind of management, Polkadot has made a whole new network organization in which 4 resources stand out. These resources are:
Validators
The Polkadot network, like any blockchain network, has a set of validator nodes whose job is to review, validate and inform the network about the information contained in each block that belongs to the blockchain. These blocks come from the nominators, who are delegated to generate the candidate block to be examined and validated by the validators.
Given the value of a validator, and the way Polkadot works, this position requires powerful hardware, high bandwidth, a dedicated connection to the network and, in addition, Polkadot validators have to block DOT tokens in order to qualify as network validators.
However, he recalls that Polkadot is a network with segmented sharding performance and parallelism capability, which raises the computational power and connection requirements.
Nominators
Nominators, on the other hand, are a particular type of node whose job is to produce a secure link between the validators and the entire network performance process. The role of nominators is simple: to take transactions from the network, group them together and do the metadata generation process necessary for the validators to verify the same and include it within the Polkadot blockchain history.
Undoubtedly this functionality is very similar to the Proof of Work (PoW) miners or Proof of Stake (PoS) validator nodes, and their functionality is practically the same in this sense.
Additionally, the nominators issue to the validators the composition of a block will be examined by the validators, who will have the final say in issuing it and make it part of the Polkadot history.
Classifiers
This kind of nodes help the validators to keep a complete history of the parachain (Polkadot substring) to which they were assigned. Their job is to keep at all times the elementary information to generate new blocks in the parachain, which in the end will culminate in the complete Polkadot history. In classic situations, it will collect and execute transactions to generate a block and provide it, along with a zero proof of understanding (ZKP), to one or more currently causing validators who are suggesting a block in the parachain.
Fishermen
Given the sharding management of Polkadot, where there are different substrings that are part of a more complete history, an infrastructure designed to prevent malicious actors from cheating has been created. This composition is maintained by fishermen or fisherman. These nodes have the ability to search for duplicate transactions or illegal operations in the network, in order to avoid them, in exchange for a reward.
The performance of these 4 parts is what enables the orchestration of the process of generation, verification, validation and issuance of blocks in Polkadot and its parachains. In addition, it is noteworthy that the communication between all these resources (between the subchains and the main chain) is completely asynchronous and parallel, ensuring a high speed of communication within the system.
Consensus on the network.
The resources that are part of the Polkadot network work in unison thanks to the Polkadot settlement protocol known as NPoS or Nominated Proof of Stake. This settlement protocol is intended as a slight alteration of the well-known Proof of Stake (PoS) protocol.
In NPoS, validators have to provide the infrastructure and maintenance of the network. They are the ones causing the production of new blocks, the validation of parachain blocks, ensuring the target and ultimately the stability of the network. They have to be responsive at all times and realize a secure and reliable infrastructure.
In addition, validators require tokens to back them up, which incentivizes them to perform with the rules, because otherwise part of those tokens could be taken away (a criterion called "cutoff"). For their services, validators are paid in rewards called in the native token of the underlying network. In order for validators to get to do their services for the network, they have to be in the active group. Validators in the active group take turns raising, validating and adding new blocks.
On the other hand, nominators are token holders who contribute to the stability of the network by financially supporting (also known as "nominating") up to 16 validators of their choice with their tokens (also known as "participating"). Nominators share part of the rewards earned by the validators in the active group they nominated. It is essential to consider that nominators also remain subject to cuts in case of misconduct by one of their nominated validators.
¿How does it work? How does it work?
NPoS can be equated to an election and was inspired by Phragmen's sequential procedure. This procedure was introduced at the end of the 19th century to optimize the voting of a group of a defined number of individuals from a larger group of candidates. Thus, the purpose of NPoS is to ensure decentralization and fair representation through justified proportional representation. And alongside that, to provide high stability through increased support.
Proportional justified representation ensures that slots are allocated to validators in proportion to their nominations. Therefore, the more nominations and, ultimately, the larger the proportion of tokens that endorse a validator, the greater the chance that the validator will be chosen for the active group. Validators are ultimately chosen from each other. This means that the group of active validators changes in each Era.
When validators are elected to the active group according to their nominations, the support grants a sharing of the nominated collaboration whereby each validator in the active group has about the same proportion of collaboration that supports it. This increases the overall stability of the network by increasing the stakes by supporting the "weaker links" of the validator group, which ultimately makes it more resistant to attacks.
Distribution of rewards in NPoS
In NPoS, all validators in the active group receive the same proportion of rewards. From these rewards, the validator's commission is inferred. The remaining rewards are distributed among the nominators in proportion to their collaboration. At this point, the system works identically to Proof of Stake (PoS).
Token DOT, the economic heart of Polkadot.
In order to retain management of the entire Polkadot network, this plan has developed a token named DOT. The purpose of this token is multiple. In the first instance, it serves the decentralized governance of the protocol. For this purpose, the DOT token gives the validators a voting power with which they have the possibility to participate in the elections and evolution of the plan.
In addition, the DOT token serves to bind and incentivize validators to act honestly in the network. This is because they have a financial interest in the veracity of the verification process. Furthermore, Polkadot's parachains or subchains have the possibility of being created, joined or destroyed due to the DOT tokens. This undoubtedly gives great flexibility and maintainability to the network.
b]Technical Analysis:
Polkadot is a good project, but it is quite new, although it has good development and a strong community, besides being solid in terms of liquidity, it could attract our attention to invest in it in the long term.
As we already know we have a strong economic crisis, DOT was born in the middle of a bullish rally, we do not know how it will behave in a downtrend which is the current one, but as always, we could expect a pullback to 0.786 Fibonacci and a little more.
That would take us to test levels of 12.5 USDT-9 USDT. Which would be our long term buying zone. Although let's change the way we look at the possible bullish range testing zone. Actually this would be the floor, the behavior of DOT since the fall of BTC has been dramatic compared to other assets similar to it, having stronger pullbacks to those same assets, assuming BTC falls to 16k which is our buy zone I have said since March ¿Dot would be at 12 usd?, answering this question, currently DOT would need to lateralize and start trying not to go down as hard, but the current bitcoin price range towards 16k, suggests that DOT could get more bearish prices. In this situation, we could use the Gann fan to get an idea.
The Gann Fan suggests that this price is the maximum of the fall, but personally, this time I will be a little wary of technical analysis and will make a range based on the Fibonacci Gold Ratio.
Based on Ratio gold, we could have these 4 possible buying zones. Although it should be noted that I will prioritize from the range of 13 to 7.5 USD, as scalar purchases. Thus obtaining an average that would help us to avoid taking a bad position in the long term within this asset.
And I will have a strong amount for the 5 USD value. Although it is a value that I believe we will not touch again, the POC of Volume suggests that this area will be in high demand.
Regarding long term objectives. I would expect to reach a minimum value of 46.971 Ratio Gold in the long term, being a value of 65 USD. Up to a maximum of 75.88 Ratio gold, this being a value of 107.63.
Finally, the RSI, still gives a possible range of fall to go to test levels 20-30 of RSI.
You know that these charts are not designed to visualize the time when these values will be reached, we put the maximum rate to reach these values until 2030, being the most pessimistic. I really believe that DOT has performed poorly despite being liquid compared to other assets. However, I believe that its long term development, when 2024 halving begins, could represent a sign of a possible new upward cycle. In the meantime, I will review the project and its development in order to make up my mind and have more confidence in the asset to invest. Polkadot (DOT) is an innovative blockchain project that aims to create a secure interconnection infrastructure between different blockchains, while providing scalability and new functionalities to them.
One of the recently created cryptocurrency projects that has caught everyone's attention is Polkadot (DOT). ¿The reason? This new blockchain technology scheme seeks to dethrone Ethereum with a vastly more scalable and efficient network. At the same time, it offers the possibility of interconnecting several blockchains and becoming an unparalleled cross-chain development hub.
Undoubtedly, this makes Polkadot a plan with a very high goal and that leaves us with the following question: ¿Will it succeed? Well, in this article you will have the chance to learn all about this plan and answer for yourself, these and other questions about this spectacular plan.
Polkadot, origin of this plan.
The principles of this plan lead us to meet one of the leading figures in the crypto world, Gavin Wood. Wood is a well-known blockchain technology creator who was part of the Ethereum development team. By the way, Wood held the position of primary inventor of Ethereum, being at the same grade as Vitalik Buterin. A situation that denotes his understanding and work on this plan. It is thanks to Wood's work that Ethereum has the powerful Solidity programming language, which was developed by him. However, on January 11, 2016, Wood made the decision that it was time to leave and start his own plan, abandoning the Ethereum plan.
At the time, Wood's initiative was to initiate a blockchain plan capable of overcoming Ethereum's weaknesses. In particular, its scalability and enabling novel cross-chain management constructs. Thus, by June 2016, Wood had already started working on this new plan, and in October 2016, he presented the first version of the Polkadot whitepaper to the world. This marked the beginning of this interesting plan, in which inventor Marek Kotewicz was also participating.
From that moment on, the development of Polkadot would begin its path, until a larger proportion of attention would be focused on it. Something that, by the way, can be seen right now. Polkadot is one of the blockchain projects with the greatest growth in 2020 and the beginning of 2021.
Initial funding of the plan.
Gavin Wood started this plan with the financial support of his organization Parity and the Web3 Foundation, which he also helped to generate. Although, Parity and Web3 Foundation are referents within the entire Ethereum world, their collaboration in funding Polkadot is fundamental.
However, the resources of the two organizations were limited as they were focused on Ethereum. This led to the execution of an Initial Coin Offering (ICO) that was done from October 15 until October 27, 2017. The triumph of the ICO has been extraordinary, being able to raise $143 million for the development of this plan.
Shortly thereafter, however, this triumph would be put in serious jeopardy. A hack would cause Parity to lose well over $90 million on the Ethereum network. With its revenue severely diminished, the work path was rethought and Gavin Wood left in clear that Polkadot's work would continue. This was because there was enough money for the plan to succeed and the terms of the ICO would be respected.
Additionally, Parity and Web3 Foundation sought to solicit support for a hard fork to recover the rest of the ETH blocked by the hack. The size received harsh criticism and the society opposed the execution of an action like the one granted after The DAO hack in 2016. This as they feared that this case will lead to a whole new incision in the society. ¿Result? The funds are still locked in the notorious Parity Bug, and there seems to be no way to get commented money out of that site.
Polkadot, an extremely distinct blockchain network initiative.
Now, Polkadot began its journey in Gavin Wood's mind as a network capable of giving the same abilities of Ethereum, simultaneously overcoming its weaknesses, and offering a sequence of unique properties. To be able to do this, Polkadot devised from its foundations a whole new set of technology and agreement protocols intended for that purpose.
In the first instance, Polkadot was created with the performance of heterogeneous networks in mind, which could be interconnected. Thus, Polkadot could perform with 2 well-defined functionalities:
As a data transmission and processing chain. A function that enables it to receive information from other chains, process that information and send it back to the chain of origin. This first choice makes it possible for Polkadot to become a scalability layer for any other blockchain that requires it.
Free performance by building your own chains. That is, producing chains with their own abilities, such as the compatibility situation to carry out smart contracts or tokens. This enables the native management of decentralized applications (DApps) and tokens over the network that have the possibility to take full advantage of the network's potential.
The initiative with all of the above is that Polkadot manages to become a scalability choice for networks such as Ethereum or other cryptocurrencies. In addition, it could also serve to interconnect various ecosystems in different blockchain all on the same network. This last case, as an example, can be seen with the DeFi, Equilibrium plan that lives in EOS.
Relay Chain and Parachains, Polkadot's chain separation.
Additionally, this management enables Polkadot to provide better stability, scalability through sharding and parallel execution in the network, which increases the overall performance of the network. At this point, it is essential to highlight the application of sharding in Polkadot. Recall that this computing technique divides the primary chain and the network into some sub-chains and sub-networks attached to it. Thus, each subchain has its own blockchain history, nodes, and all the elementary infrastructure for its management.
In Polkadot in other words just what happens. The subchains in Polkadot are called parachain, which have the possibility of being seen as a sidechain or secondary chain, where a blockchain instance of its own is made. In other words, a parachain has its own blockchain or history, which holds its own reality of tokens, smart contracts, and nodes. In this way, this parachain has its own capacity and computational power to meet its own needs.
The Relay Chain, however, is the primary chain of Polkadot, and it exists under the alliance of the history of each of the parachains running in parallel in the Polkadot network. This organization makes it feasible for Polkadot to achieve parallel smart contracts, and additionally, it enables greater scalability than recent blockchains.
Additionally, this segmented functionality also enables the life of Bridges, with which the parachains have the possibility of opening communication with other blockchains (such as Ethereum, EOS or Bitcoin) and serve as a link with them. As parachains have the possibility of communicating with each other, this also makes it possible for several Bridges pointing to other blockchains to communicate, serving as cross-chain channels to make operations between them. In short, with Polkadot and its Bridges, it is feasible to interconnect Bitcoin and Ethereum (or other blockchains) at great speed, with greatly reduced prices without abandoning stability at any time.
Smart contracts and tokens in Polkadot.
Polkadot does not natively support smart contracts. This leaves aside the construction of tokens or DApps natively in the network. However, Polkadot parachains are extensible and modular, having the function of being able to generate abstraction layers that allow the execution of these smart contracts. When executed in a parachain, the effect of these contracts is reduced in terms of resource consumption to that parachain, leaving the rest of the system in common operation. This prevents, for example, that a high number of transactions in a parachain, degrades the performance of the rest of the system.
Another great virtue of this system is that its handling, design, programming and deployment is much simpler. This has made Polkadot a much more secure network. Additionally, smart contract-capable parachains have the ability to activate alternative high-speed protocols that enable the execution of smart contracts with minimal effect on the overall Polkadot ecosystem.
A case in point for this class of functions is EdgeWare, which has an expansion layer for Polkadot that enables the execution of Polkadot, including support for Ethereum smart contracts and its EVM. Additionally, there is also Ink, a development designed to build smart contracts that exploits the abilities of Substrate, an important section of Polkadot, and uses the secure programming language, Rust.
Another highly relevant plan in this regard is Moonbeam, which enables a Polkadot parachain with these abilities, which implements a solution fully compatible with Ethereum's EVM, and with Web3 RPC API, giving each of the elementary instruments to programmers to take advantage of the potential of Ethereum smart contracts on Polkadot.
Obviously, these are not the only resolutions for smart contracts in Polkadot's parachains, however they are a clear sample of the likelihood of making this technology easy to implement and much more so on the web.
Organization of the network in Polkadot.
Now to be able to do this kind of management, Polkadot has made a whole new network organization in which 4 resources stand out. These resources are:
Validators
The Polkadot network, like any blockchain network, has a set of validator nodes whose job is to review, validate and inform the network about the information contained in each block that belongs to the blockchain. These blocks come from the nominators, who are delegated to generate the candidate block to be examined and validated by the validators.
Given the value of a validator, and the way Polkadot works, this position requires powerful hardware, high bandwidth, a dedicated connection to the network and, in addition, Polkadot validators have to block DOT tokens in order to qualify as network validators.
However, he recalls that Polkadot is a network with segmented sharding performance and parallelism capability, which raises the computational power and connection requirements.
Nominators
Nominators, on the other hand, are a particular type of node whose job is to produce a secure link between the validators and the entire network performance process. The role of nominators is simple: to take transactions from the network, group them together and do the metadata generation process necessary for the validators to verify the same and include it within the Polkadot blockchain history.
Undoubtedly this functionality is very similar to the Proof of Work (PoW) miners or Proof of Stake (PoS) validator nodes, and their functionality is practically the same in this sense.
Additionally, the nominators issue to the validators the composition of a block will be examined by the validators, who will have the final say in issuing it and make it part of the Polkadot history.
Classifiers
This kind of nodes help the validators to keep a complete history of the parachain (Polkadot substring) to which they were assigned. Their job is to keep at all times the elementary information to generate new blocks in the parachain, which in the end will culminate in the complete Polkadot history. In classic situations, it will collect and execute transactions to generate a block and provide it, along with a zero proof of understanding (ZKP), to one or more currently causing validators who are suggesting a block in the parachain.
Fishermen
Given the sharding management of Polkadot, where there are different substrings that are part of a more complete history, an infrastructure designed to prevent malicious actors from cheating has been created. This composition is maintained by fishermen or fisherman. These nodes have the ability to search for duplicate transactions or illegal operations in the network, in order to avoid them, in exchange for a reward.
The performance of these 4 parts is what enables the orchestration of the process of generation, verification, validation and issuance of blocks in Polkadot and its parachains. In addition, it is noteworthy that the communication between all these resources (between the subchains and the main chain) is completely asynchronous and parallel, ensuring a high speed of communication within the system.
Consensus on the network.
The resources that are part of the Polkadot network work in unison thanks to the Polkadot settlement protocol known as NPoS or Nominated Proof of Stake. This settlement protocol is intended as a slight alteration of the well-known Proof of Stake (PoS) protocol.
In NPoS, validators have to provide the infrastructure and maintenance of the network. They are the ones causing the production of new blocks, the validation of parachain blocks, ensuring the target and ultimately the stability of the network. They have to be responsive at all times and realize a secure and reliable infrastructure.
In addition, validators require tokens to back them up, which incentivizes them to perform with the rules, because otherwise part of those tokens could be taken away (a criterion called "cutoff"). For their services, validators are paid in rewards called in the native token of the underlying network. In order for validators to get to do their services for the network, they have to be in the active group. Validators in the active group take turns raising, validating and adding new blocks.
On the other hand, nominators are token holders who contribute to the stability of the network by financially supporting (also known as "nominating") up to 16 validators of their choice with their tokens (also known as "participating"). Nominators share part of the rewards earned by the validators in the active group they nominated. It is essential to consider that nominators also remain subject to cuts in case of misconduct by one of their nominated validators.
¿How does it work? How does it work?
NPoS can be equated to an election and was inspired by Phragmen's sequential procedure. This procedure was introduced at the end of the 19th century to optimize the voting of a group of a defined number of individuals from a larger group of candidates. Thus, the purpose of NPoS is to ensure decentralization and fair representation through justified proportional representation. And alongside that, to provide high stability through increased support.
Proportional justified representation ensures that slots are allocated to validators in proportion to their nominations. Therefore, the more nominations and, ultimately, the larger the proportion of tokens that endorse a validator, the greater the chance that the validator will be chosen for the active group. Validators are ultimately chosen from each other. This means that the group of active validators changes in each Era.
When validators are elected to the active group according to their nominations, the support grants a sharing of the nominated collaboration whereby each validator in the active group has about the same proportion of collaboration that supports it. This increases the overall stability of the network by increasing the stakes by supporting the "weaker links" of the validator group, which ultimately makes it more resistant to attacks.
Distribution of rewards in NPoS
In NPoS, all validators in the active group receive the same proportion of rewards. From these rewards, the validator's commission is inferred. The remaining rewards are distributed among the nominators in proportion to their collaboration. At this point, the system works identically to Proof of Stake (PoS).
Token DOT, the economic heart of Polkadot.
In order to retain management of the entire Polkadot network, this plan has developed a token named DOT. The purpose of this token is multiple. In the first instance, it serves the decentralized governance of the protocol. For this purpose, the DOT token gives the validators a voting power with which they have the possibility to participate in the elections and evolution of the plan.
In addition, the DOT token serves to bind and incentivize validators to act honestly in the network. This is because they have a financial interest in the veracity of the verification process. Furthermore, Polkadot's parachains or subchains have the possibility of being created, joined or destroyed due to the DOT tokens. This undoubtedly gives great flexibility and maintainability to the network.
b]Technical Analysis:
Polkadot is a good project, but it is quite new, although it has good development and a strong community, besides being solid in terms of liquidity, it could attract our attention to invest in it in the long term.
As we already know we have a strong economic crisis, DOT was born in the middle of a bullish rally, we do not know how it will behave in a downtrend which is the current one, but as always, we could expect a pullback to 0.786 Fibonacci and a little more.
That would take us to test levels of 12.5 USDT-9 USDT. Which would be our long term buying zone. Although let's change the way we look at the possible bullish range testing zone. Actually this would be the floor, the behavior of DOT since the fall of BTC has been dramatic compared to other assets similar to it, having stronger pullbacks to those same assets, assuming BTC falls to 16k which is our buy zone I have said since March ¿Dot would be at 12 usd?, answering this question, currently DOT would need to lateralize and start trying not to go down as hard, but the current bitcoin price range towards 16k, suggests that DOT could get more bearish prices. In this situation, we could use the Gann fan to get an idea.
The Gann Fan suggests that this price is the maximum of the fall, but personally, this time I will be a little wary of technical analysis and will make a range based on the Fibonacci Gold Ratio.
Based on Ratio gold, we could have these 4 possible buying zones. Although it should be noted that I will prioritize from the range of 13 to 7.5 USD, as scalar purchases. Thus obtaining an average that would help us to avoid taking a bad position in the long term within this asset.
And I will have a strong amount for the 5 USD value. Although it is a value that I believe we will not touch again, the POC of Volume suggests that this area will be in high demand.
Regarding long term objectives. I would expect to reach a minimum value of 46.971 Ratio Gold in the long term, being a value of 65 USD. Up to a maximum of 75.88 Ratio gold, this being a value of 107.63.
Finally, the RSI, still gives a possible range of fall to go to test levels 20-30 of RSI.
You know that these charts are not designed to visualize the time when these values will be reached, we put the maximum rate to reach these values until 2030, being the most pessimistic. I really believe that DOT has performed poorly despite being liquid compared to other assets. However, I believe that its long term development, when 2024 halving begins, could represent a sign of a possible new upward cycle. In the meantime, I will review the project and its development in order to make up my mind and have more confidence in the asset to invest. Polkadot (DOT) is an innovative blockchain project that aims to create a secure interconnection infrastructure between different blockchains, while providing scalability and new functionalities to them.